Biodiversity VARIETY OF LIVING ORGANISMS AND THEIR CKASSIFICATION 1. The living things found Earth are humans, animals, and plants. 2. A living thing is known as an organisms. 3. Animals and plants has various shapes, sizes, and habitats. 4. The difference that exist between the same species of living things are called variations. Habitat of Living Things 1. A habitat is a natural place where a living thing live. 2. Difference animals and plant live in difference habitats. Constructing a system of classification 1. A dichotomous key of identification is used to classify organisms. 2. Pairs of opposite characteristics are used in the identification key. 3. At each instance, a pair of opposite characteristics are used. 4. The identification is constructed following two ways to identify the following animal. Using statements 1. With wings …………. See (2) Without wings …….. see (3) 2. Segmented body ….. Bee Unsegmented body .. see (4) 3. With legs …………….. cat No legs ………………… see (5) 4. With feather …………. Eagle No feather …………….. Bat 5. Has hard shell ……….. Garden snail No shell ………………… snake System of Classification of Animal Animal can be classified into two group: a. Invertebrates (animal without backbones) b. Vertebrates (animal with backbones) Invertebrates 1. Invertebrates are animals which do not have backbones. 2. Invertebrates make up the most numbers of animals in the world. 3. Most invertebrates live in the water. 4. Some invertebrates have a hard external skeleton for protection live at the crab and the beetle. 5. Some invertebrates has soft bodies and use their body fluids for support such us earthworms and leeches Vertebrates 1. Vertebrates are animal with backbones. 2. Warm blooded vertebrates (homoiothermic) have fixed body temperatures. Cold blooded vertebrates (poikilothermic) have body temperature that change according to the temperature of their surroundings. 3. Vertebrates can be divided into five main groups, which are fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Unusual Characteristics Some Mammals 1. Bats – have wings and fly likes birds. 2. Whales and dolphins – live in water like fish. 3. Pangolin – lay eggs, have dry scales on their bodies like reptiles. 4. Platypuses – lay eggs and have beaks like duck. 5. Porcupines – the body is covered with spine for protection. 6. Kangaroos and koalas – raise the young in their body pouches. |
NUTRITION
CLASSES OF FOOD
1. Food is the source of energy for all living things.
2. The importance of food includes:
o Build a healthy bodies
o Repairs and replaces damaged tissues
o Build new cells
o For growth
o Warms the body
o Provides energy for carrying out work
3. Food can be classified into seven main classes.
• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Fat
• Vitamins
• Mineral salts
• Dietary fibre(roughage)
• Water
Carbohydrates
1. Carbohydrates is made up of carbon, hydrogen and o*ygen.
2. There are three types of carbohydrates:
• starch
• sugar
• cellulose
3. Food rich in carbohydrates include rice, potato, sugar, bread and banana.
4. Carbohydrates is our main source of energy. Carbohydrates supplies us with energy to carry out daily activities such as walking, breathing and working.
5. E*cess carbohydrates are stored as fat in our body.
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